{"id":4651,"date":"2026-02-06T10:43:29","date_gmt":"2026-02-06T02:43:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/?p=4651"},"modified":"2026-02-06T10:43:29","modified_gmt":"2026-02-06T02:43:29","slug":"nfc-applications-in-the-shenzhen-metro-system-a-business-and-technology-analysis","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/ar\/nfc-applications-in-the-shenzhen-metro-system-a-business-and-technology-analysis\/","title":{"rendered":"\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646: \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"312\" data-end=\"570\">\u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0627\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645. \u0648\u0628\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u064a\u0631\u0643\u0628 \u0641\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0644\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u064a\u0648\u0645\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648\u060c \u0641\u0625\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u0628\u0645\u062b\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0642\u0639\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"572\" data-end=\"955\">\u0645\u0646 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062e\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0629, <strong data-start=\"613\" data-end=\"647\">\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 (NFC)<\/strong> \u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646. \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0644\u0629 <strong data-start=\"741\" data-end=\"785\">\u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0634\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0648\u062c\u0647 \u0646\u062d\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0639\u0646 \u0643\u064a\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0641\u064a \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"962\" data-end=\"1021\">1. \u0645\u0627 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0647\u0645\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1023\" data-end=\"1342\">\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 (NFC) \u0647\u064a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0644\u0627\u0633\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0642\u0635\u064a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 <a href=\"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/ar\/rfid-chip-frequencies-explained-lf-vs-hf-vs-uhf\/\"><strong data-start=\"1118\" data-end=\"1131\">13.56 \u0645\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0647\u0631\u062a\u0632<\/strong><\/a>, \u060c \u064a\u064f\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0628\u0640 <strong data-start=\"1158\" data-end=\"1175\">ISO\/IEC 14443<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0627\u062f\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646 \u0644\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 (\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648) \u0648\u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0633\u0644\u0628\u064a \u0623\u0648 \u0646\u0634\u0637 (\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0630\u0643\u064a\u060c \u062c\u0647\u0627\u0632 \u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621).<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1344\" data-end=\"1413\">\u0641\u064a \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0643\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a\u0629\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0639\u062f \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u064a\u062d<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1417\" data-end=\"1444\"><strong data-start=\"1417\" data-end=\"1444\">\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0646\u0637\u0644\u0642<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1447\" data-end=\"1509\">\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629 (\u0639\u0627\u062f\u0629\u064b \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 0.2 \u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629)<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1512\" data-end=\"1542\">\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062c\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1545\" data-end=\"1589\">\u0645\u0648\u062b\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062d\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0631\u0636<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1591\" data-end=\"1831\">\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0639\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 NFC \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f\u064a\u062b\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0628\u0631\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0623\u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u0631\u060c \u0648\u0623\u0648\u0643\u062a\u0648\u0628\u0648\u0633 \u0647\u0648\u0646\u062c \u0643\u0648\u0646\u062c \u0648\u0637\u0648\u0643\u064a\u0648 \u0633\u0648\u064a\u0643\u0627. \u062a\u062a\u0628\u0639 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646\u0645\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0634\u0649 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0639 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1838\" data-end=\"1892\">2. \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 NFC \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"1894\" data-end=\"1931\">2.1 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"1933\" data-end=\"2114\">\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a <strong data-start=\"1979\" data-end=\"2032\">\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 NFC (\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629)<\/strong>. \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0642\u0631\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0641\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 ISO\/IEC 14443 \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0639\u0644 \u0645\u0639:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2118\" data-end=\"2151\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2154\" data-end=\"2213\">\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 (Apple Pay\u060c \u0648Huawei Pay\u060c \u0648Samsung Pay\u060c \u0648\u063a\u064a\u0631\u0647\u0627)<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2216\" data-end=\"2252\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629 T-Union T-Union<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2254\" data-end=\"2356\">\u064a\u0642\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0631\u0626 \u0628\u062a\u0646\u0634\u064a\u0637 \u0634\u0631\u064a\u062d\u0629 NFC \u0648\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u063a\u0636\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0636\u0639\u0629 \u0633\u0646\u062a\u064a\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u0628.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2358\" data-end=\"2398\">2.2 \u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2400\" data-end=\"2593\">\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 <strong data-start=\"2467\" data-end=\"2510\">\u0628\u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/strong>. \u064a\u062d\u0642\u0642 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 <strong data-start=\"2549\" data-end=\"2586\">\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0648\u064a\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0628\u0642 (\u062a\u062c\u0645\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629)<\/strong> \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u0627\u0632:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li data-start=\"2598\" data-end=\"2679\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644\u060c \u064a\u062c\u0645\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0624\u0642\u062a\u0627\u064b \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0635\u0649 \u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 (14 \u064a\u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a).<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2683\" data-end=\"2719\">\u064a\u0643\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2723\" data-end=\"2797\">\u0639\u0646\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0631\u0648\u062c\u060c \u064a\u062d\u0633\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u0646\u0647\u064a \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629.<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2801\" data-end=\"2846\">\u064a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u064a \u0631\u0635\u064a\u062f \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645 \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u064a\u064b\u0627.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p data-start=\"2848\" data-end=\"2925\">\u064a\u0636\u0645\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u062f\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0646\u0642\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"2927\" data-end=\"2966\">3.2.3 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"2968\" data-end=\"3250\">\u064a\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0645\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0631\u0629 \u0645\u0639 <strong data-start=\"3008\" data-end=\"3052\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 China UnionPay<\/strong>. \u062a\u062a\u0645 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062f\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0648\u062a\u062a\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0643\u0640 <strong data-start=\"3172\" data-end=\"3205\">\u0628\u064a\u0626\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0641\u062a\u0648\u062d\u0629<\/strong>, \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u063a\u0631\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0644\u0646\u062f\u0646 \u0648\u0633\u0646\u063a\u0627\u0641\u0648\u0631\u0629.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"3257\" data-end=\"3312\">3. \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u064a\u064a\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0631\u0648\u062a\u0648\u0643\u0648\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"3314\" data-end=\"3335\">3.1 ISO\/ISO\/EC 14443<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3337\" data-end=\"3487\">\u0648\u064a\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0646 \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f (NFC) \u0648\u064a\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0642\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u062a\u062d\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0628\u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 NFC \u0641\u064a \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"3489\" data-end=\"3517\">3.2 \u0627\u062a\u062d\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 T-Union (\u901a\u8054\u5408\u5408)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3519\" data-end=\"3658\">\u064a\u064f\u0639\u062f T-Union \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0645\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u064b \u0648\u0637\u0646\u064a\u0627\u064b \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0645 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642\u0647\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2015. \u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062c\u0646 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a T-Union \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"3662\" data-end=\"3713\">\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0639\u0628\u0631 336 \u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3716\" data-end=\"3749\">\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0623\u062c\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0642\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3752\" data-end=\"3799\">\u062a\u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0632\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"3801\" data-end=\"3833\">3.3 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a \u0643\u0648\u064a\u0643 \u0628\u0627\u0633 (\u4e91\u95ea\u4ed8)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"3835\" data-end=\"3920\">\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a QuickPass \u0647\u0648 \u0625\u0637\u0627\u0631 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0644\u0627\u0645\u0633\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0626\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 EMV \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635 \u0628\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 UnionPay. \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062a\u064a\u062d:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"3924\" data-end=\"3962\">\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a NFC \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3965\" data-end=\"4010\">\u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a NFC \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 HCE \u0623\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0646\u0635\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0645\u0646<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4013\" data-end=\"4068\">\u0623\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u062a\u0634\u0641\u064a\u0631 \u0642\u0648\u064a \u0648\u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0642\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"4075\" data-end=\"4133\">4. \u0627\u0644\u062c\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0645\u0646\u064a \u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 (NFC) \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"4135\" data-end=\"4160\">4.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4162\" data-end=\"4332\">\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 2018\u060c \u0628\u062f\u0623 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631 \u0646\u0645\u0627\u0630\u062c \u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0645\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0645\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0626\u062a\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0627\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0629 Tencent \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4334\" data-end=\"4377\">4.2 \u0625\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 (1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2019)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4379\" data-end=\"4553\">\u0641\u064a 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 2019\u060c \u0623\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646 \u0631\u0633\u0645\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a NFC \u0639\u0628\u0631 <strong data-start=\"4451\" data-end=\"4477\">\u062c\u0645\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0637\u0648\u0637 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a<\/strong>. \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0648\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 NFC \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0646\u0637\u0627\u0642 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"4555\" data-end=\"4575\">4.3 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0648\u0646<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4650\"><strong data-start=\"4579\" data-end=\"4620\">\u0645\u062c\u0645\u0648\u0639\u0629 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646 \u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0646\u0641\u0627\u0642 \/ MTR (\u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646)<\/strong> - \u0645\u0627\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4653\" data-end=\"4713\"><strong data-start=\"4653\" data-end=\"4671\">\u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646<\/strong> - \u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0648\u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0635\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4716\" data-end=\"4786\"><strong data-start=\"4716\" data-end=\"4735\">\u062f\u0627\u0633 \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0644\u064a\u062a\u064a\u0643<\/strong> - \u0645\u0632\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 AFC \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4789\" data-end=\"4849\"><strong data-start=\"4789\" data-end=\"4809\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629<\/strong> - \u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0648\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"4852\" data-end=\"4919\"><strong data-start=\"4852\" data-end=\"4883\">\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\u0629<\/strong> - \u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0648\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 NFC<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"4926\" data-end=\"4965\">5. \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628 \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f\u0647\u0645<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"4967\" data-end=\"4990\">5.1 \u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"4992\" data-end=\"5027\">\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0633\u0628\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628\u060c \u062a\u064f\u0642\u062f\u0650\u0651\u0645 \u0639\u0631\u0648\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 NFC:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"5031\" data-end=\"5055\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0632\u0645 \u062a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5058\" data-end=\"5091\">\u0644\u0627 \u064a\u0648\u062c\u062f \u0634\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u062a\u0630\u0643\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0648 \u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5094\" data-end=\"5127\">\u0639\u0645\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0625\u062f\u062e\u0627\u0644 \u0648\u0625\u062e\u0631\u0627\u062c \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0637\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5130\" data-end=\"5164\">\u0623\u0648\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u063a\u0627\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"5166\" data-end=\"5188\">5.2 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0628\u0646\u064a<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5190\" data-end=\"5284\">\u062a\u062a\u0645\u062a\u0639 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0639\u062f\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0646\u0638\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646\u064a\u0629:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"5288\" data-end=\"5346\">\u062d\u0648\u0644 <strong data-start=\"5293\" data-end=\"5327\">50% \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0645\u0648\u0644\/\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0644\u0643\u062a\u0631\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0629<\/strong> \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0642\u062a \u0645\u0628\u0643\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2019<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5349\" data-end=\"5392\">\u062a\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 <strong data-start=\"5363\" data-end=\"5392\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f 72% \u0628\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644 \u0623\u0648\u0627\u062e\u0631 \u0639\u0627\u0645 2020<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5395\" data-end=\"5457\">\u062a\u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 11 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a 3 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"5459\" data-end=\"5493\">5.3 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5495\" data-end=\"5524\">\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646 \u0623\u064a\u0636\u0627\u064b:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"5528\" data-end=\"5566\">\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a UnionPay \u0627\u0644\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0631\u0629 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u064a\u0646<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5569\" data-end=\"5620\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"5623\" data-end=\"5679\">\u062a\u0633\u062c\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 Alipay \u0648 UnionPay \u0628\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u062c\u0648\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0641\u0631<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"5681\" data-end=\"5750\">\u0648\u0647\u0630\u0627 \u064a\u0642\u0644\u0644 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u062d\u0648\u0627\u062c\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u062e\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0627\u0641\u0631\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u064a\u0646.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"5757\" data-end=\"5799\">6. \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 NFC \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0631\u0642 \u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0631\u0649<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"5801\" data-end=\"5841\">6.1 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a NFC \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a Shenzhen Tong \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"5843\" data-end=\"6003\">\u0644\u0627 \u062a\u0632\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0627\u0626\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0625\u064a\u062f\u0627\u0639 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u0626\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u064a\u062f\u0648\u064a\u0629. \u062a\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 NFC \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0625\u0632\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0646\u0642\u0627\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643 \u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0641\u0627\u0638 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0633\u0631\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u0627\u062b\u0644\u0629.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"6005\" data-end=\"6058\">6.2 NFC \u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0645\u062f\u0641\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0631\u0645\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 (Alipay \/ WeChat Pay)<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6060\" data-end=\"6108\">\u062a\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0645\u0648\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u064a\u0639\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0635\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"6112\" data-end=\"6159\">\u062a\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0641\u062a\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0628\u064a\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6162\" data-end=\"6212\">\u0627\u0644\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0628\u0643\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6215\" data-end=\"6250\">\u0628\u0637\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0633\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0631\u0648\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6252\" data-end=\"6334\">\u064a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 NFC \u0648\u0635\u0648\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0623\u0633\u0631\u0639 \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062b\u0631 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629\u064b \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u0637\u0627\u062a \u0630\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u064a\u0631.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"6336\" data-end=\"6375\">6.3 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u062d\u062f\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"6377\" data-end=\"6484\">\u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0627\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0646 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634\u064a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0634\u064a\u0646\u0632\u0646\u060c \u0648\u064a\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0647\u0627 \u0623\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646 11 \u062a\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0627\u064a\u062a \u06483 \u0623\u0637\u0646\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"6491\" data-end=\"6547\">7. \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0634\u063a\u0644\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"6549\" data-end=\"6562\">7.1 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"6566\" data-end=\"6588\">\u062a\u0631\u0642\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6591\" data-end=\"6621\">\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u062e\u062a\u0628\u0627\u0631\u0647<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6624\" data-end=\"6645\">\u0631\u0633\u0648\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u0641\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6648\" data-end=\"6683\">\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0638\u0641\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062b\u0642\u064a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"6685\" data-end=\"6701\">7.2 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0648\u0627\u0626\u062f<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"6705\" data-end=\"6751\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u062f\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0641\u0642\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6754\" data-end=\"6781\">\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0627\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0644\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6784\" data-end=\"6811\">\u0627\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0627\u0636 \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0641 \u0625\u0635\u062f\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0630\u0627\u0643\u0631<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6814\" data-end=\"6850\">\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u062a\u062d\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"6853\" data-end=\"6894\">\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0621\u0645\u0629 \u0642\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0639 \u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"6896\" data-end=\"6991\">\u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0645\u0646\u0638\u0648\u0631 \u0637\u0648\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0644\u060c \u062a\u0648\u0641\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0643\u0644\u0627\u064b \u0645\u0646 <strong data-start=\"6944\" data-end=\"6990\">\u0627\u0644\u0643\u0641\u0627\u0621\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0645\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a\u0629<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"6998\" data-end=\"7037\">8. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0631\u0627\u062a\u064a\u062c\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a<\/h2>\n<h3 data-start=\"7039\" data-end=\"7069\">8.1 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0624\u0633\u0633\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"7071\" data-end=\"7172\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0628\u0627\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u0648\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u064a\u0643\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0632\u064a\u0627\u062f\u0629 \u062d\u062c\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0647\u064a\u0645\u0646\u0629 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0626\u064a.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"7174\" data-end=\"7202\">8.2 \u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0643\u0646\u0648\u0644\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0627<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"7204\" data-end=\"7298\">\u062a\u0633\u062a\u0641\u064a\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0643\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u064f\u0635\u0646\u0651\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0647\u0648\u0627\u062a\u0641 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0643\u0645\u064a\u0632\u0629 \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638 NFC.<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"7300\" data-end=\"7337\">8.3 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0643\u0648\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062e\u0637\u064a\u0637 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0636\u0631\u064a<\/h3>\n<p data-start=\"7339\" data-end=\"7374\">\u064a\u062f\u0639\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0639\u0628\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0649 NFC:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"7378\" data-end=\"7406\">\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7409\" data-end=\"7429\">\u0627\u0639\u062a\u0645\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7432\" data-end=\"7474\">\u0648\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0644 \u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0645\u0629 \u0648\u0645\u0646\u062e\u0641\u0636\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0643<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"7481\" data-end=\"7522\">9. \u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0634\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0644\u0648\u0644<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"7524\" data-end=\"7548\">\u0648\u0634\u0645\u0644\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062f\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u064a:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"7552\" data-end=\"7583\">\u062a\u0639\u0642\u064a\u062f \u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7586\" data-end=\"7607\">\u062a\u0639\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0643\u0627\u0628<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7610\" data-end=\"7636\">\u0645\u0634\u0643\u0644\u0627\u062a \u062a\u062f\u0627\u062e\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0637\u0627\u0642\u0627\u062a<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7639\" data-end=\"7682\">\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0635\u0645 \u0648\u0642\u064a\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0645\u062a\u0627\u0632\u0629<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"7684\" data-end=\"7778\">\u062a\u0645\u062a \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u062c\u0629 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062f\u0631\u064a\u062c\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0635\u0645\u064a\u0645 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0635\u0644 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a\u060c \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d\u0629\u060c \u0648\u0625\u0631\u0634\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u062e\u062f\u0645.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"7785\" data-end=\"7845\">10. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u064a\u0629: \u0627\u062a\u0635\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628 \u0643\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u064a\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"7847\" data-end=\"7914\">\u0648\u0628\u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0631 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u060c \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0648\u0642\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u062a\u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631 \u062a\u0642\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0642\u0631\u064a\u0628\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062a\u0631\u0648 \u0634\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"7918\" data-end=\"7951\">\u0625\u0645\u0643\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0634\u063a\u064a\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0646\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0637\u0642\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u0644\u064a\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0643\u0628\u0631\u0649<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"7954\" data-end=\"7997\">\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0646\u0645\u064a\u0646\u0628\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062c\u0647\u0632\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u0627\u0631\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8000\" data-end=\"8035\">\u062e\u064a\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u064a\u0648\u0645\u062a\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062d\u062a\u0645\u0644\u0629<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"8038\" data-end=\"8097\">\u062a\u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0642\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062e\u062f\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0625\u0646\u062a\u0631\u0646\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0634\u064a\u0627\u0621<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"8099\" data-end=\"8204\">\u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0639\u062f NFC \u0645\u062c\u0631\u062f \u0648\u0633\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0644\u0644\u062f\u0641\u0639 - \u0628\u0644 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d\u062a <strong data-start=\"8153\" data-end=\"8203\">\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u062a\u064a\u0629 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