{"id":4399,"date":"2026-01-28T10:45:53","date_gmt":"2026-01-28T02:45:53","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/?p=4399"},"modified":"2026-01-30T16:36:33","modified_gmt":"2026-01-30T08:36:33","slug":"mifare-classic-1k-expiration-date","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/mifare-classic-1k-expiration-date\/","title":{"rendered":"Data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o do MIFARE Classic 1K: Onde \u00e9 armazenada numa lixeira?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p data-start=\"416\" data-end=\"637\"><strong data-start=\"416\" data-end=\"433\">Resposta curta:<\/strong><br data-start=\"433\" data-end=\"436\" \/><strong data-start=\"439\" data-end=\"527\">Os cart\u00f5es MIFARE Classic 1K n\u00e3o possuem um bloco padr\u00e3o que armazena uma data de validade.<\/strong><br data-start=\"527\" data-end=\"530\" \/>Qualquer informa\u00e7\u00e3o de expira\u00e7\u00e3o ou validade \u00e9 <strong data-start=\"572\" data-end=\"595\">definido pela aplica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong> e pode nem sequer ser armazenado no cart\u00e3o.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"644\" data-end=\"700\">O MIFARE Classic 1K tem um campo de data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"702\" data-end=\"709\"><strong data-start=\"702\" data-end=\"709\">N\u00e3o.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"711\" data-end=\"735\">Cart\u00f5es MIFARE Classic 1K:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"738\" data-end=\"791\">Fazer <strong data-start=\"741\" data-end=\"748\">n\u00e3o<\/strong> incluir um campo de data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o incorporado<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"794\" data-end=\"839\">Fazer <strong data-start=\"797\" data-end=\"804\">n\u00e3o<\/strong> seguir um modelo de dados normalizado<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"842\" data-end=\"903\">Armazenar apenas blocos de mem\u00f3ria em bruto definidos pelo integrador do sistema<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"905\" data-end=\"944\">Qualquer l\u00f3gica de expira\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 implementada por:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"947\" data-end=\"970\">O sistema de acesso ao hotel<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"973\" data-end=\"990\">O firmware do cadeado<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"993\" data-end=\"1014\">Ou uma base de dados backend<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<blockquote>\n<p data-start=\"1018\" data-end=\"1114\">Existe <strong data-start=\"1027\" data-end=\"1059\">nenhum sector ou bloco universal<\/strong> que \u201ctrata\u201d da expira\u00e7\u00e3o num cart\u00e3o MIFARE Classic 1K.<\/p>\n<\/blockquote>\n<h2 data-start=\"1121\" data-end=\"1191\">Qual bloco armazena a data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o em um cart\u00e3o MIFARE Classic 1K?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1193\" data-end=\"1228\"><strong data-start=\"1193\" data-end=\"1228\">N\u00e3o existe um n\u00famero de bloco fixo.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"1230\" data-end=\"1280\">Se existir uma data de validade, esta pode ser armazenada em:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1283\" data-end=\"1327\">Qualquer <strong data-start=\"1287\" data-end=\"1313\">bloco de dados (Bloco 0-2)<\/strong> de qualquer sector<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1330\" data-end=\"1356\">A <strong data-start=\"1332\" data-end=\"1356\">formato bin\u00e1rio personalizado<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1359\" data-end=\"1399\">Um <strong data-start=\"1362\" data-end=\"1399\">estrutura encriptada ou ofuscada<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1402\" data-end=\"1438\">Ou <strong data-start=\"1405\" data-end=\"1438\">n\u00e3o \u00e9 de todo armazenado no cart\u00e3o<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"1440\" data-end=\"1535\">Diferentes fornecedores utilizam layouts diferentes, mesmo dentro do mesmo sector (hot\u00e9is, gin\u00e1sios, parques de estacionamento).<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"1542\" data-end=\"1603\">Porque \u00e9 que muitas vezes n\u00e3o se consegue encontrar uma data de validade numa lixeira de cart\u00f5es<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"1605\" data-end=\"1648\">A maioria dos sistemas hoteleiros utiliza um destes modelos:<\/p>\n<h3 data-start=\"1650\" data-end=\"1700\">1. Expira\u00e7\u00e3o controlada por backend (mais comum)<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1703\" data-end=\"1733\">O cart\u00e3o armazena apenas um identificador<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1736\" data-end=\"1787\">A expira\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 verificada pelo sistema de bloqueio ou backend<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1790\" data-end=\"1820\"><strong data-start=\"1790\" data-end=\"1820\">N\u00e3o existe nenhuma data na lixeira<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1822\" data-end=\"1859\">2. Carimbo de data\/hora codificado ou encriptado<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1862\" data-end=\"1877\">Data armazenada como:<\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"1882\" data-end=\"1896\">Carimbo de data\/hora UNIX<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1901\" data-end=\"1917\">Data codificada em BCD<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1922\" data-end=\"1942\">Contadores propriet\u00e1rios<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"1945\" data-end=\"1975\">Normalmente <strong data-start=\"1953\" data-end=\"1975\">n\u00e3o leg\u00edvel por humanos<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3 data-start=\"1977\" data-end=\"2011\">3. Dados de aplica\u00e7\u00e3o ofuscados<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2014\" data-end=\"2025\">Os valores s\u00e3o:<\/li>\n<li style=\"list-style-type: none;\">\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2030\" data-end=\"2039\">Encriptado<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2044\" data-end=\"2054\">XOR-mascarado<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2059\" data-end=\"2081\">Protegido por somas de controlo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2083\" data-end=\"2155\">Mesmo com acesso total ao sector, o significado dos dados n\u00e3o \u00e9 \u00f3bvio.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2162\" data-end=\"2221\">\u00c9 poss\u00edvel identificar a data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o comparando as lixeiras?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2223\" data-end=\"2267\"><strong data-start=\"2223\" data-end=\"2267\">Por vezes, mas apenas a n\u00edvel da investiga\u00e7\u00e3o.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2269\" data-end=\"2297\">Os engenheiros costumam comparar:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2300\" data-end=\"2338\">O mesmo cart\u00e3o antes e depois da renova\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2341\" data-end=\"2387\">Cart\u00f5es m\u00faltiplos com diferentes per\u00edodos de validade<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2389\" data-end=\"2403\">Procuram:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2406\" data-end=\"2436\">Bytes que se alteram de forma consistente<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2439\" data-end=\"2476\">Padr\u00f5es alinhados com eventos de emiss\u00e3o<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2478\" data-end=\"2574\">Isto faz <strong data-start=\"2491\" data-end=\"2498\">n\u00e3o<\/strong> garante uma interpreta\u00e7\u00e3o correta e n\u00e3o ultrapassa a valida\u00e7\u00e3o do sistema.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2581\" data-end=\"2620\">A data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o pode ser alterada?<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2642\"><strong data-start=\"2622\" data-end=\"2642\">Na pr\u00e1tica: n\u00e3o.<\/strong><\/p>\n<p data-start=\"2644\" data-end=\"2676\">Mesmo que uma data pare\u00e7a poder ser escrita:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"2679\" data-end=\"2711\">Os bloqueios verificam v\u00e1rios par\u00e2metros<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2714\" data-end=\"2757\">Existem contadores de backend e controlos de integridade<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"2760\" data-end=\"2802\">Os cart\u00f5es modificados falham normalmente a autentica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"2804\" data-end=\"2891\">A modifica\u00e7\u00e3o das credenciais de acesso ao hotel sem autoriza\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 ilegal na maioria das regi\u00f5es.<\/p>\n<h2 data-start=\"2898\" data-end=\"2954\">Porque \u00e9 que o MIFARE Classic est\u00e1 a ser substitu\u00eddo nos sistemas hoteleiros<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"2956\" data-end=\"3013\">Os hot\u00e9is est\u00e3o a afastar-se do MIFARE Classic porque este:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"3016\" data-end=\"3051\">Falta uma aplica\u00e7\u00e3o segura da expira\u00e7\u00e3o<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3054\" data-end=\"3089\">Utiliza a encripta\u00e7\u00e3o Crypto-1 obsoleta<\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3092\" data-end=\"3117\">N\u00e3o tem sistema de ficheiros nativo<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p data-start=\"3119\" data-end=\"3147\">As substitui\u00e7\u00f5es mais comuns incluem:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"3150\" data-end=\"3178\"><strong data-start=\"3150\" data-end=\"3178\">MIFARE DESFire EV2 \/ EV3<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3181\" data-end=\"3200\"><strong data-start=\"3181\" data-end=\"3200\">Chaves m\u00f3veis NFC<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3203\" data-end=\"3243\"><strong data-start=\"3203\" data-end=\"3243\">Credenciais de acesso validadas por backend<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"3250\" data-end=\"3285\">Principais conclus\u00f5es (de f\u00e1cil leitura)<\/h2>\n<ul>\n<li data-start=\"3289\" data-end=\"3348\"><strong data-start=\"3289\" data-end=\"3348\">O MIFARE Classic 1K n\u00e3o tem um bloco de data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o padr\u00e3o<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3394\"><strong data-start=\"3351\" data-end=\"3394\">A l\u00f3gica de expira\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 definida pela aplica\u00e7\u00e3o<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3397\" data-end=\"3453\"><strong data-start=\"3397\" data-end=\"3453\">A maioria dos cart\u00f5es de hotel n\u00e3o guarda a validade no cart\u00e3o<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3456\" data-end=\"3492\"><strong data-start=\"3456\" data-end=\"3492\">As datas leg\u00edveis s\u00e3o raras nas lixeiras<\/strong><\/li>\n<li data-start=\"3495\" data-end=\"3535\"><strong data-start=\"3495\" data-end=\"3535\">A modifica\u00e7\u00e3o n\u00e3o autorizada \u00e9 ilegal<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2 data-start=\"3542\" data-end=\"3568\">FAQ (Optimizado para PAA)<\/h2>\n<p data-start=\"3570\" data-end=\"3718\"><strong data-start=\"3570\" data-end=\"3619\">P: A data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 armazenada no Setor 0?<\/strong><br data-start=\"3619\" data-end=\"3622\" \/>N\u00e3o. O sector 0 cont\u00e9m normalmente dados do fabricante e identificadores de aplica\u00e7\u00f5es, n\u00e3o datas de validade.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3720\" data-end=\"3847\"><strong data-start=\"3720\" data-end=\"3771\">P: Posso ver a data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o em texto simples?<\/strong><br data-start=\"3771\" data-end=\"3774\" \/>Quase nunca. As datas s\u00e3o normalmente codificadas, encriptadas ou n\u00e3o s\u00e3o armazenadas de todo.<\/p>\n<p data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3992\"><strong data-start=\"3849\" data-end=\"3903\">P: Porque \u00e9 que a minha lixeira muda quando um cart\u00e3o \u00e9 renovado?<\/strong><br data-start=\"3903\" data-end=\"3906\" \/>Porque os contadores internos, as chaves ou os tokens s\u00e3o actualizados - n\u00e3o necessariamente um campo de data.<\/p>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Resposta curta: Os cart\u00f5es MIFARE Classic 1K n\u00e3o t\u00eam um bloco padr\u00e3o que armazena uma data de validade. Qualquer informa\u00e7\u00e3o de validade ou expira\u00e7\u00e3o \u00e9 definida pelo aplicativo e pode n\u00e3o ser armazenada no cart\u00e3o. O MIFARE Classic 1K tem um campo de data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o? N\u00e3o. Os cart\u00f5es MIFARE Classic 1K: N\u00e3o incluem um campo de data de expira\u00e7\u00e3o incorporado N\u00e3o [...]<\/p>","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4400,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"_acf_changed":false,"site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"full-width-container","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"default","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"set","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"footnotes":""},"categories":[268],"tags":[347,343,345,344,346],"class_list":["post-4399","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-rfid-technologies","tag-contactless-smart-card-security","tag-mifare-classic-1k","tag-rfid-dump-analysis","tag-rfid-memory-structure","tag-sector-trailer-access-bits"],"acf":[],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4399","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4399"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4399\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4400"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4399"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4399"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/rfid-pro.com\/pt\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4399"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}